Process for the production of ceramic ware



June 169 1925. 1,541,869 I R. SPRENGER PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OFCERAMIC WARE Filed April 4, 192;

Patented June 16; 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT orrlca.

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'Application filed April 4, 1921. snai Ho. 45am.

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To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD Srnnnenn, a subject of the State of Germany,residing at 41, Neuendorfstrasse, Berlin-Henningsdorf, Germany, haveinvented certain new and useful Processes for the Production of CeramicWare, of which the following is a specification.

According to the invention the manufacture of porcelain wane is verymuch simplified by allowing the lastic porcelain mass, whlch has beenmix in known way, to be extruded from a contalner by pressure into amould through an inlet extending th'ro 11 part of the mouldand into themou ing s ace which is completely closed except for t e inlet and apipeserving as an air vent.

Such a method of. working ensures that there is available a lar equantity of plastic material for extrusion into the mould and theremoval of the pressing element is unnecessary, so that afterthepreviously prepared moulds have been exchanged, the pressing miperationcan proceed at short intervals. n this way articles can be produced ifilarge quantities from lastic porcelain in the same truslon process.

The container for recelvm way as in t e metal exthe plastic porcelaincan be advantageous y constructed adapted to act within it.

Theplasticity of the mass and therefore of cylindrical form, with'aplunger actuated either hydraulically or by compressed air,

the degree of moisture must, of course, be regulated accordlng to theshape of the ar- I tiele to be pressed; that ,is to say,'in order toobtain a complete filling of the mould, it is necessary to ave theplasticity and the quantity of moisture in the plastic mass greateraccording as the shape of the object to be pressed is morecomplicated.The most complicated objectscan, however, be manufactured by the presentprocess, in .a condition ready for drying and burning.

In the drawing an apparatus for carry ing out the process is representedin vertical section. The cylinder (1 is intended for the reception ofthe plastic mass, and within it is ably, actuated by vdraulic pressure.To

'9 reaches into the mouldin able before the is fitted, which isattachedthe removable mould box d. r The mould for the object to be produced isprovided within the mould box d. Thej'mould represented in thedrawsection f is made up of three separable segmental parts. Thisconstruction is necessary in order to permit of the withdrawal of themoulded. object. .An inlet pipe 9 is attached to the nozzle 0 andextends through the art of the mould f to extend into the mou dingspace,that is to say, the inlet-pipe space to t e most advantageousosition or distribution of the mass. 'Acco'r ing tothe shape of theobject to be produced, one, two or more inlet-pipes may be employed. Themould box is closed by the cover plate It. A suitable device for allowinthe escape of the air from the mould, and alsoan indicator which showswhen the'mass is forced in has com-- plctely filled the mould, andadvantageously included in the construction, but are not represented inthe drawing. To avoid airbubbles in the produced object, it isadvisressing operation that the air present in t e mould should be drawnoff by suction, by a suitable suction ap ara rtus. The separate parts ofthe moul are, preferably, formed of gypsum or of similar absorbentmaterial, which takes the 'moisture from the object being moulded, sothat the object shrinks and can thus be more easily withdrawn from themould.

Iclaim: v A s 1. A process for the manufacture of ware from ceramicmaterial and'especially porcelain, consisting in applyin pressureupon a'mass of ceramic materia within a con- I tainer while the said materialis in a plastic and non-fluid condition, extruding thereby a portion ofthe said mass'from the container through an inlet into a mould, whichinlet extends through a part of the mould into "a position when theextended material is distributed to fill the moulding space, sub- Istantially as described; disposed the plungpr b which is, prefer- 2. Aprocess for the manufacture of supporting insulators from ceramicmaterial of the character of porcelain, consisting in applying pressureupon a mass of ceramic formed as single integral parts, while thematerial within a container while the said material is in a plastic. andnon-fluid condition, extruding thereby a portion of the said mass fromthe contalner through an inlet into a mould which inlet extendscentrally through a part of the mould to discharge the mass into themoulding space in a central position whence it is distributed to fillthe moulding space, substantially as described.

3. A process for the manufacture of supporting insulators from ceramicmaterial of the character of porcelain, consisting in applying pressureupon a mass of ceramic material within a container While the saidmaterial is in a plastic and non-fluid condition, extruding thereby aportion of the said mass from the container through an inlet into amould, the said mould hcin; i'ormcd of a number of separable parts, andthe said inlet extending centrally through a. part of the mould todischarge the mass into the moulding space in a central position whenceit is distributed to fill the moulding space, substantally as descrihed.

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